Hawaiian Islands,which are entirely

Hotspots [This Dynamic Earth, USGS] The vast majority of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur near plateboundaries, but there are some exceptions. For example, the Hawaiian Islands,which are entirely of volcanic origin, have formed in the middle of thePacific Ocean more than 3,200 km from the nearest plate boundary. How dothe Hawaiian Islands and other volcanoes that form in the interior of platesfit into the plate-tectonics picture? Space Shuttle photograph of the Hawaiian Islands, the southernmostpart of the long volcanic trail of the "Hawaiian hotspot" (seetext). Kauai is in the lower right corner (edge) and the Big Island of Hawaiiin the upper left corner. Note the curvature of the Earth (top edge). (Photographcourtesy of NASA.) In 1963, J. Tuzo Wilson, the Canadian geophysicist who discovered transformfaults, came up with an ingenious idea that became known as the "hotspot"theory. Wilson noted that in certain locations around the world, such asHawaii, volcanism has been active for very long periods of time. This couldonly happen, he reasoned, if relatively small, long-lasting, and exceptionallyhot regions -- called hotspots -- existed below the plates that wouldprovide localized sources of high heat energy (thermal plumes) tosustain volcanism. Specifically, Wilson hypothesized that the distinctivelinear shape of the Hawaiian Island-Emperor Seamounts chain resulted fromthe Pacific Plate moving over a deep, stationary hotspot in the mantle,located beneath the present-day position of the Island of Hawaii. Heat fromthis hotspot produced a persistent source of magma by partly melting theoverriding Pacific Plate. The magma, which is lighter than the surroundingsolid rock, then rises through the mantle and crust to erupt onto the seafloor,forming an active seamount. Over time, countless eruptions cause the seamountto grow until it finally emerges above sea level to form an island volcano.Wilson suggested that continuing plate movement eventually carries the islandbeyond the hotspot, cutting it off from the magma source, and volcanismceases. As one island volcano becomes extinct, another develops over thehotspot, and the cycle is repeated. This process of volcano growth and death,over many millions of years, has left a long trail of volcanic islands andseamounts across the Pacific Ocean floor. According to Wilson's hotspot theory, the volcanoes of the Hawaiian chainshould get progressively older and become more eroded the farther they travelbeyond the hotspot. The oldest volcanic rocks on Kauai, the northwesternmostinhabited Hawaiian island, are about 5.5 million years old and are deeplyeroded. By comparison, on the "Big Island" of Hawaii -- southeasternmostin the chain and presumably still positioned over the hotspot -- the oldestexposed rocks are less than 0.7 million years old and new volcanic rockis continually being formed. Above: Artist's conception of the movement of the PacificPlate over the fixed Hawaiian "Hot Spot," illustrating the formationof the Hawaiian Ridge-Emperor Seamount Chain. (Modified from a drawing providedby Maurice Krafft, Centre de Volcanologie, France). Below: J. TuzoWilson's original diagram (slightly modified), published in 1963, to showhis proposed origin of the Hawaiian Islands. (Reproduced with permissionof the Canadian Journal of Physics .) The possibility that the Hawaiian Islands become younger to the southeastwas suspected by the ancient Hawaiians, long before any scientific studieswere done. During their voyages, sea-faring Hawaiians noticed the differencesin erosion, soil formation, and vegetation and recognized that the islandsto the northwest (Niihau and Kauai) were older than those to the southeast(Maui and Hawaii). This idea was handed down from generation to generationin the legends of Pele, the fiery Goddess of Volcanoes. Pele originallylived on Kauai. When her older sister Namakaokahai, the Goddess of the Sea,attacked her, Pele fled to the Island of Oahu. When she was forced by Namakaokahaito flee again, Pele moved southeast to Maui and finally to Hawaii, whereshe now lives in the Halemaumau Crater at the summit of Kilauea Volcano.The mythical flight of Pele from Kauai to Hawaii, which alludes to the eternalstruggle between the growth of volcanic islands from eruptions and theirlater erosion by ocean waves, is consistent with geologic evidence obtainedcenturies later that clearly shows the islands becoming younger from northwestto southeast. Prominentworld hotspots [54 k] Although Hawaii is perhaps the best known hotspot, others are thought toexist beneath the oceans and continents. More than a hundred hotspots beneaththe Earth's crust have been active during the past 10 million years. Mostof these are located under plate interiors (for example, the African Plate),but some occur near diverging plate boundaries. Some are concentrated nearthe mid-oceanic ridge system, such as beneath Iceland, the Azores, and theGalapagos Islands. A few hotspots are thought to exist below the North American Plate. Perhapsthe best known is the hotspot presumed to exist under the continental crustin the region of Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming. Hereare several calderas (large craters formed by the ground collapseaccompanying explosive volcanism) that were produced by three gigantic eruptionsduring the past two million years, the most recent of which occurred about600,000 years ago. Ash deposits from these powerful eruptions have beenmapped as far away as Iowa, Missouri, Texas, and even northern Mexico. Thethermal energy of the presumed Yellowstone hotspot fuels more than 10,000hot pools and springs, geysers (like Old Faithful), and bubbling mudpots (pools of boiling mud). A large body of magma, capped by a hydrothermalsystem (a zone of pressurized steam and hot water), still exists beneaththe caldera. Recent surveys demonstrate that parts of the Yellowstone regionrise and fall by as much as 1 cm each year, indicating the area is stillgeologically restless. However, these measurable ground movements, whichmost likely reflect hydrothermal pressure changes, do not necessarily signalrenewed volcanic activity in the area. Authors' Note: Since this booklet's publication in 1996, vigorous scientific debate has ensued regarding volcanism at "hotspots." New studies suggest that hotspots are neither deep phenomena nor "fixed" in position over geologic time, as assumed in the popular plume model. See http://www.mantleplumes.org/ ." Mauna Loa Volcano [36 k] | J. Tuzo Wilson | Longtrail of Hawaiian hotspot | "Contents" "Some unanswered questions" USGS Home Page Top of this Page URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/hotspots.html Last updated: 05.05.99 Contact: jmwatson@usgs.gov

Hawaii Cruise Pictures Travel

Hawaii Cruise Pictures  You are here: About > Travel > Cruises > Cruise Photo Album > Hawaii Cruise Pictures Travel Cruises Essentials Planning Your First Cruise Cruise Travel Packing List Choosing a Caribbean Cruise Destination How To Get a Passport How to Choose a Cabin on a Cruise Ship Topics Cruise Lines Cruise Destinations Cruise Photo Album Cruise Planning Cruise Reviews Cruise Cams Cruise Glossary Cruise News Getting There Lifestyle - Theme Cruises Cruise Activities Travel Gear and Gadgets Cruise Jobs More Cruise Resources Buyer's Guide Before You Buy Top Picks European Cruise Guidebooks Cruise Guidebooks - General Information Alaska Travel Guide Books Product Reviews Forums Help FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Cruises newsletter! See Online Courses   Search Cruises > Cruise Photo Album > Hawaii Cruise Pictures Hawaii Cruise Pictures Hawaii photo album, including pictures from Kauai, Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii Articles & Resources Sort By : Guide Picks | Alphabetical | Recent Kauai Zodiac Shore Excursion Along the Na Pali Coast Hawaii cruise pictures of a Zodiac shore excursion along the Na Pali coast of Kauai Haleakala Volcano National Park - Hawaiian Island of Maui Pictures of Haleakala Volcano National Park on the Hawaiian Island of Maui Maui Beaches and Sunsets Pictures of Maui beaches and sunsets taken on a Hawaii cruise   Topic Index | Email to a Friend Our Story | Be a Guide | Advertising Info | Work at About | Site Map | Icons | Help User Agreement | Ethics Policy | Patent Info. | Privacy Policy | Kids' Privacy Policy ©2006 About, Inc., A part of The New York Times Company . All rights reserved. Around About Tips to Losing Weight Guide to Distance Learning How to Travel for Less PHOTOS: Italy PHOTOS: Hybrid Cars What's Hot Cruise News - Three Passengers Hurt As 40 Foot Wave Hits Lin... Explorer of the Seas Review QM2 Cruises South America Queen Mary 2 (QM2) Overview QM2 Gangway Accident Headlines Virgin Gorda, British Virgin Islands Virgin Gorda is not nearly as developed as many of... Dawn Princess to Offer Extended 2006-07 Mexican Riviera Season Passengers interested in Northern California departures can now take advantage... Cruising the Eastern Caribbean on the SeaDream I Join the About Cruises Guide on an (almost) All Saints... Helsinki, Finland - Photo Gallery Helsinki is a fascinating northern European city that is included...

Air Hawaiian

Paragon Airlines -Hawaii, Inter Island Flights, Air Charters and Tours Between The Hawaiian Islands. Paragon Air is Family owned and operated since 1981. Our attention is to detail and that of the safety of our pilots and passengers. All our pilots are all Airline Transport rated, with thousands of flight hours. Our highest time pilot has over 21,000 flight hours that spans the globe. Maintenance is one of our highest priorities. Our 24 hour maintenance facility keeps our birds in top shape, affording us to conduct flights on a daily basis. PARAGON AIRLINES Serving Hawaii since 1981 with a perfect flying safety record THE WORLD FAMOUS "FATHER DAMIEN KALAUPAPA, MOLOKAI GROUND TOUR" The story of Kalaupapa is told Here! Kalaupapa town ( above middle ) INSTANTLY BOOK your INTER ISLAND FLIGHT or TOURS! RIGHT HERE ONLINE! in 4 VERY Easy steps! and SAVE $$$ INTER ISLAND HAWAII FLIGHTS BOOK ONLINE FOR OUR LOWEST PRICES! Note: When entering your dates of travel, please check the days match the correct year ie.. Monday May 20th is indeed a Monday! Outbound-Depart * Kahului, Maui Hana, Maui Kapalua, Maui Honolulu, Oahu Lihue, Kauai Lanai City, Lanai Molokai, Molokai Kalaupapa, Molokai Kona, Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Kamuela, Hawaii Mainland USA To Kahului, Maui Hana, Maui Kapalua, Maui Honolulu, Oahu Lihue, Kauai Lanai City, Lanai Molokai, Molokai Kalaupapa, Molokai Kona, Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Kamuela, Hawaii Mainland USA Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 2005 2007 2006 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AM PM Returning on * Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 2005 2006 2007 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AM PM Number of Passengers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Children under 2/Infants 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Round Trip One Way Please indicate If you are traveling one-way. For Air & Ground Tour Availability click here >>> Tours Kalaupapa, Father Damien-Molokai, The Active Volcano !! Paragon Air is an unscheduled on-demand air carrier. Flights are subject to prior bookings and availability. PRIVATE CHARTER SERVICE IS AVAILABLE TO ANY AIRPORT IN HAWAII 24/7 ONLINE BOOKINGS WANT TO TOUR? MOLOKAI! KALAUPAPA ! THE ACTIVE VOLCANO ! OR JUST FLY INTER ISLAND ! WE ARE HERE FOR YOU! No waiting, No lines, just walk on to the aircraft. Low level scenic routes of the most beautiful coastlines in the world! . An AWARD winning 60 minute video of Kalaupapa, Molokai and Father Damien. Click on the pictures to read more about this informative video. One of our aircraft (6 passengers) in Kalaupapa, Molokai. Kalaupapa Town- Sea cliffs Kalaupapa from the Air A Member of A3H Activities and Attractions of Hawaii and a Member of the Hawaii visitor and convention Bureau. Click Logos for info. Paragon. Greek for "A model of Excellence". "Because flying should be fun!" (808) 244 3356 (Outer islands/US mainland) Email 12 /15/05 LINKS Molokai, Kalaupapa Lighthouse Father Damiem Hit Counter Kalaupapa-Blessed Damien This place is where once three thousand called home until a cure was found for leprosy (Hansen Disease in the 1940's). Kalaupapa is on the north shore of Moloka'i, 2000 feet Sea cliffs that stretch to almost 4,000 feet, the kept the Kalaupapa residents from escaping this cruel and barren place. Then Father Damien arrived in Kalaupapa, Moloka'i from The Big Island of Hawaii, where he helped the people of Kalaupapa, get the respect they deserved. Kalaupapa grew to support the patients was formed by a central crater now full of water and its bottom is known to be a least 800 feet. While this area is generally referred to as Kalaupapa, it is in fact, Makanalua Peninsula which is divided into three districts: The Kalawao district on the eastern edge; Kalaupapa and the settlement of Kalaupapa to the west; with Makanalua in the center. Kalaupapa's reputation as a leprosy colony is well-known throughout the world. Hansen's disease, the proper term for leprosy, is believed to have originated in China and spread to Hawaii. The first documented case of leprosy in Hawaii occurred in 1848. Its rapid spread and unknown cure precipitated the urgent need for complete and total isolation. Surrounded on three sides by the Pacific ocean and cut off from the rest of Moloka'i by 1700-foot fortress like sea cliffs. The area was void of all amenities. No buildings, shelters nor potable water were available. The first arrivals dwelled in rock enclosures, caves, and in the most rudimentary shacks built of sticks and dried leaves. In 1873, when Father Damien entered the settlement of Molokai at age 33, he made a decision to set aside his fear of contagion. He embraced the lepers, cleaned and bandaged their wounds, and the Hawaiians knew his concern and love for them was unprecedented. Father Damien was the only one to bring the leprosy patients the succor they so greatly needed. He not only administered the consolations of religion, but also rendered them with as much medical and bodily comforts that were within his power. He dressed their ulcers, helped them erect their dwellings, dug their graves, and made their coffins. In December 1884, Father Damien noticed severe blisters on his feet without the presence of pain. After twelve years of service (1885), he discovered that he had symptoms of the disease. Nevertheless, he continued with his work. As death approached, the disease invaded his windpipe and progressed to such an extent that he could only sleep but for a few hours. His voice was reduced to a whisper. Leprosy was in his throat, lungs, stomach, and intestines. As the end drew near, he made his confessions to his own Congregation on March 30, 1889 and two weeks later, on April 15,1889, Father Damien died. It was Holy Week. Some weeks before, D,mien had said that the Lord wanted him to spend Easter in heaven. With the advent of sulfone drugs in the 1940s, the disease was put in remission and the sufferers are no longer so called contagious (we have since found out that Leprosy was never contagious). The fewer than 40 former patients remaining on the peninsula are free to travel or relocate elsewhere, but most have chosen to remain where they have lived for so long.

Hawaii Resort and Spa

Maui, Hawaii Vacations - Diamond Hawaii Resort and Spa Dining Site Shortcuts --------------- ONLINE RESERVATIONS --------------- HOT DEALS Hot Deals Sign-up --------------- RESORTS & HOTELS Islands of Hawaii - Oahu - Kauai - Maui - Big Island - Molokai Islands of Micronesia - Saipan New Zealand --------------- PACKAGES & PROMOTIONS --------------- PLAN YOUR STAY Golf Tennis Diving Water Sports Family Activities Shopping Events Calendar-- --------------- TRAVEL AGENTS --------------- TRAVEL PARTNERS --------------- MEETINGS & INCENTIVES Request for Information --------------- CONTACT US --------------- ABOUT US --------------- Site Map Privacy Policy Back to Home Page Taiko-Japanese cuisine serves breakfast from 7:00am-10:00am, lunch from 11:00am-2:00pm and dinner from 6:00pm-9:00pm, daily except Tuesday; Le Gunji-French Japanese teppanyaki grill has two seatings at 6pm and 8pm, nightly except Wednesday; and Capische-casual, outdoor, alfresco Italian cuisine and cocktail lounge with a view serves dinner and cocktails from 5:00pm-10:00pm. Complimentary shuttle service to Wailea and Makena dining and entertainment. Taiko Diamond Hawaii Resort and Spa Japanese cuisine serves breakfast from 7:00am-10:00am, lunch from 11:00am-2:00pm and dinner from 6:00pm-9:00pm, daily except Tuesday. Le Gunji Diamond Hawaii Resort and Spa French Japanese teppanyaki grill has two seatings at 6pm and 8pm, nightly except Wednesday. Capische Diamond Hawaii Resort and Spa Casual, outdoor, alfresco Italian cuisine and cocktail lounge with a view serves dinner and cocktails from 5:00pm-10:00pm. Antonios 1215 S. Kihei Road, Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753 (808) 875-8800 Jean-Marie Josselins world class restaurant features nightly specials made from the freshest island ingredients. KKO-Kai Ku Ono 2511 South Kihei Road, Kihei, Maui, Hawaii 96753 (808) 875-1007 Island cuisine. Open for breakfast, lunch, dinner and late night from 8am-midnight. Kau Kau Market Food Court Maui Marketplace 270 Dairy Road, Kahului, Maui, Hawaii (808) 873-0400 A variety of international and local-style dining choices. Home | Contact Us | Site Map | Privacy Policy

Hawaiian Food Glossary )

Hawaiian Restaurants - Big Island Restaurants Big Island Printer Friendly Version A Word About "Symbols and Awards" Help us preserve the Islands. Tell our advertisers you found them on Alternative-Hawaii. HAWAIIAN (see Hawaiian Food Glossary ) Hawaiian Cuisine Types Hawaii Regional Cuisine: Local food beautifully presented by professional chefs using the freshest Hawaiian ingredients. Local Kine Grinds: An ethnic mix of local-style comfort food. HAWAII REGIONAL CUISINE | LOCAL KINE GRINDS HAWAII REGIONAL CUISINE SPONSOR BAMBOO RESTAURANT Hwy 270 & Hwy 250 Hawi, HI 96719 (North Kohala District) Mailing address: P. O. Box 1463, Kapaau, HI 96755 Tel. (808) 889-5555 Fax (808) 889-6152 Email: bamrest@interpac.net Voted "Best Restaurant on the Big Island" by the Hawaii Island Journal and recipient of the prestigious Hale Aina Award in 2004. Bamboo features creative fresh island-style Hawaiian Regional Cuisine in a historic, flower filled tropical dining room. (LD $$) Photo FRIENDS HUALALAI GRILLE BY ALAN WONG Four Seasons Resort Hualalai Kaupulehu, HI 96745 (North Kona District) Tel. (808) 325-8525 Not a Grill at all! Offers the best in Hawaii Regional Cuisine - a unique blend of Eastern and Western styles using locally grown and raised ingredients, with creative new approaches to familiar dishes. (LD $$$) MERRIMAN'S 65-1227 Opelo Road Waimea, HI 96743 (South Kohala District) Tel. (88) 885-6822 Home of Hawaii Regional Cuisine by a nationally renowned chef - pursuing the best, the freshest and the most varied local ingredients. The flavors here are always fresh and pure. 2002, 2003 & 2004 Ilima Award. 2004 & 2005 Hale Aina Award. (LD $$$) MERRIMAN'S MARKET CAFE King's Shops 250 Waikoloa Beach Drive Waikoloa, HI 96738 (South Kohala District) Tel. (808) 886-1700 Famous Hawaii Regional Cuisine, with an added Mediterranean twist. (LD $$) Top LOCAL KINE GRINDS ALOHA ANGEL CAFE Aloha Theatre & Performing Arts Center 79-7384 Mamalahoa Hwy Kainaliu, HI 96750 (South Kona District) Tel. (808) 322-3383 Featured in Food and Wine, Bon Appetit, and Gourmet Magazine. An eclectic menu featuring Island ingredients. The Aloha Angel bakery prepares their pastries, cakes and cookies daily. (BLD $) BIG ISLAND GRILL 75-5702 Kuakini Hwy Kailua-Kona, HI 96740 (North Kona District) Tel. (808) 326-1153 Where the locals go when they want great food at reasonable prices. Attentive service in a family diner style atmosphere. (BLD $) BLANES DOWNTOWN 217 Waianuenue Avenue Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 969-9494 One of the Big Island's best drive inn's. Home of the famous boneless chicken. (BLD $) CAFE 100 969 Kilauea Avenue Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-8683 Originators of Loco Moco! 50 years of home-style cooking - a Hilo institution! (BLD $) DON'S GRILL 485 Hinano Street Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-9099 Rated one of the best on the Big Island for family dining. Extensive menu. House specialty - rotisseried chicken. (LD $) JACKIE REY'S OHANA GRILL Pottery Terrace Center 75-5995 Kuakini Highway Kailua-Kona, HI 96740 (North Kona District) Tel. (808) 327-0209 Part sports bar, part family restaurant. Eclectic range of cuisine. (LD $$) JIMMY'S DRIVE INN 362 Kinoole Street Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-5571 No drive-in service, despite the name. The menu is a mosaic of Korean, Hawaiian, Japanese, and American dishes - a true mixed plate! (LD $) KONA MIX PLATE 75-5660 Kopiko Street, (Kopiko Plaza) Kailua-Kona, HI 96740 (North Kona District) Tel. (808) 329-8104 Some of the best local food in Kona - mix of Japanese and Korean. (LD $) KOZMIC CONES 317 Waianuenue Avenue Hilo, HI 96720 (Downtown Hilo) Tel. (808) 935-6311 Bentos, local plate lunches, ice cream treats. (BLD $) K'S DRIVE IN 194 Hualalai Street Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-5573 Ono variety of local foods. (BLD $) KUHIO GRILL 111E Puainako (Prince Kuhio Plaza) Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 959-2336 Home of the famous one pound laulau! (BLD $) MANAGO HOTEL RESTAURANT Highway 11 Captain Cook, HI 96704 (South Kona District) Tel. (808) 323-2642 Highly rated local style food. (BLD $) NANI MAU GARDEN 421 Makalika Street Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 959-3500 Located in a floral/botanical garden. Featuring local-style regional foods. (L $$) NORI'S SAIMIN AND SNACKS 688 Kinoole Street Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-9133 Serving Hawaii's traditional noodle soup and local style nibbles. (LD $) O'S BISTRO 75-1027 Henry Street Kailua-Kona, HI 96740 (North Kona District) Tel. (808) 327-6565 Try their vegetarian pasta, saimin, or seared ahi salad. (BLD $$) RESTAURANT OSAKA 762 Kanoelehua Avenue Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 961-6699 Local style, Japanese & American family dining. (BLD $) SANDY'S DRIVE INN 79-7936 Mamalahoa Highway Kainalui, HI 96739 (South Kona District) Tel. (808) 322-2161 All the local favorites - from Loco Moco to Spam Musabi. (BLD $) SEASIDE RESTAURANT 1790 Kalanianaole Highway Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 935-8825 An 80-plus-years old local institution known for fish - there is a fishpond in their backyard. Fantastic taro bread pudding with warm haupia sauce. (D $) SUNLIGHT CAFE Hilo Shopping Center 66 Kekuanaoa Hilo, HI 96720 (Hilo District) Tel. (808) 934-8833 Combination of western and eastern food. (BLD $) SUPER J's 83-5409 Mamalahoa Highway Honaunau, HI 96704 (South Kona District) Tel. (808) 328-9566 Hawaiian food takeout - great laulau all day long. (LD $) TEX DRIVE IN Kalapana Street and Highway 19 Honokaa, HI 96727 (Hamakua Coast District) Tel. (808) 775-0598 Island's best burger and local favorites - "ono kine" food and malassadas! (BLD $) Top Big Island Restaurants Index | Restaurants Index | Home Page Contact Us | Sponsor Join Us Form ©Ala Mua Hawaii 1997