Hawaiian Islands,which are entirely

Hotspots [This Dynamic Earth, USGS] The vast majority of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur near plateboundaries, but there are some exceptions. For example, the Hawaiian Islands,which are entirely of volcanic origin, have formed in the middle of thePacific Ocean more than 3,200 km from the nearest plate boundary. How dothe Hawaiian Islands and other volcanoes that form in the interior of platesfit into the plate-tectonics picture? Space Shuttle photograph of the Hawaiian Islands, the southernmostpart of the long volcanic trail of the "Hawaiian hotspot" (seetext). Kauai is in the lower right corner (edge) and the Big Island of Hawaiiin the upper left corner. Note the curvature of the Earth (top edge). (Photographcourtesy of NASA.) In 1963, J. Tuzo Wilson, the Canadian geophysicist who discovered transformfaults, came up with an ingenious idea that became known as the "hotspot"theory. Wilson noted that in certain locations around the world, such asHawaii, volcanism has been active for very long periods of time. This couldonly happen, he reasoned, if relatively small, long-lasting, and exceptionallyhot regions -- called hotspots -- existed below the plates that wouldprovide localized sources of high heat energy (thermal plumes) tosustain volcanism. Specifically, Wilson hypothesized that the distinctivelinear shape of the Hawaiian Island-Emperor Seamounts chain resulted fromthe Pacific Plate moving over a deep, stationary hotspot in the mantle,located beneath the present-day position of the Island of Hawaii. Heat fromthis hotspot produced a persistent source of magma by partly melting theoverriding Pacific Plate. The magma, which is lighter than the surroundingsolid rock, then rises through the mantle and crust to erupt onto the seafloor,forming an active seamount. Over time, countless eruptions cause the seamountto grow until it finally emerges above sea level to form an island volcano.Wilson suggested that continuing plate movement eventually carries the islandbeyond the hotspot, cutting it off from the magma source, and volcanismceases. As one island volcano becomes extinct, another develops over thehotspot, and the cycle is repeated. This process of volcano growth and death,over many millions of years, has left a long trail of volcanic islands andseamounts across the Pacific Ocean floor. According to Wilson's hotspot theory, the volcanoes of the Hawaiian chainshould get progressively older and become more eroded the farther they travelbeyond the hotspot. The oldest volcanic rocks on Kauai, the northwesternmostinhabited Hawaiian island, are about 5.5 million years old and are deeplyeroded. By comparison, on the "Big Island" of Hawaii -- southeasternmostin the chain and presumably still positioned over the hotspot -- the oldestexposed rocks are less than 0.7 million years old and new volcanic rockis continually being formed. Above: Artist's conception of the movement of the PacificPlate over the fixed Hawaiian "Hot Spot," illustrating the formationof the Hawaiian Ridge-Emperor Seamount Chain. (Modified from a drawing providedby Maurice Krafft, Centre de Volcanologie, France). Below: J. TuzoWilson's original diagram (slightly modified), published in 1963, to showhis proposed origin of the Hawaiian Islands. (Reproduced with permissionof the Canadian Journal of Physics .) The possibility that the Hawaiian Islands become younger to the southeastwas suspected by the ancient Hawaiians, long before any scientific studieswere done. During their voyages, sea-faring Hawaiians noticed the differencesin erosion, soil formation, and vegetation and recognized that the islandsto the northwest (Niihau and Kauai) were older than those to the southeast(Maui and Hawaii). This idea was handed down from generation to generationin the legends of Pele, the fiery Goddess of Volcanoes. Pele originallylived on Kauai. When her older sister Namakaokahai, the Goddess of the Sea,attacked her, Pele fled to the Island of Oahu. When she was forced by Namakaokahaito flee again, Pele moved southeast to Maui and finally to Hawaii, whereshe now lives in the Halemaumau Crater at the summit of Kilauea Volcano.The mythical flight of Pele from Kauai to Hawaii, which alludes to the eternalstruggle between the growth of volcanic islands from eruptions and theirlater erosion by ocean waves, is consistent with geologic evidence obtainedcenturies later that clearly shows the islands becoming younger from northwestto southeast. Prominentworld hotspots [54 k] Although Hawaii is perhaps the best known hotspot, others are thought toexist beneath the oceans and continents. More than a hundred hotspots beneaththe Earth's crust have been active during the past 10 million years. Mostof these are located under plate interiors (for example, the African Plate),but some occur near diverging plate boundaries. Some are concentrated nearthe mid-oceanic ridge system, such as beneath Iceland, the Azores, and theGalapagos Islands. A few hotspots are thought to exist below the North American Plate. Perhapsthe best known is the hotspot presumed to exist under the continental crustin the region of Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming. Hereare several calderas (large craters formed by the ground collapseaccompanying explosive volcanism) that were produced by three gigantic eruptionsduring the past two million years, the most recent of which occurred about600,000 years ago. Ash deposits from these powerful eruptions have beenmapped as far away as Iowa, Missouri, Texas, and even northern Mexico. Thethermal energy of the presumed Yellowstone hotspot fuels more than 10,000hot pools and springs, geysers (like Old Faithful), and bubbling mudpots (pools of boiling mud). A large body of magma, capped by a hydrothermalsystem (a zone of pressurized steam and hot water), still exists beneaththe caldera. Recent surveys demonstrate that parts of the Yellowstone regionrise and fall by as much as 1 cm each year, indicating the area is stillgeologically restless. However, these measurable ground movements, whichmost likely reflect hydrothermal pressure changes, do not necessarily signalrenewed volcanic activity in the area. Authors' Note: Since this booklet's publication in 1996, vigorous scientific debate has ensued regarding volcanism at "hotspots." New studies suggest that hotspots are neither deep phenomena nor "fixed" in position over geologic time, as assumed in the popular plume model. See http://www.mantleplumes.org/ ." Mauna Loa Volcano [36 k] | J. Tuzo Wilson | Longtrail of Hawaiian hotspot | "Contents" "Some unanswered questions" USGS Home Page Top of this Page URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/publications/text/hotspots.html Last updated: 05.05.99 Contact: jmwatson@usgs.gov

Hawaii Resort

Meeting Facility at Waikiki Beach Hawaii Resort & Spa A meeting facility with more than 50,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor function: the Waikiki Beach Marriott Resort and Spa. home meetings & events -- -- Let us show you exclusive offers & updates tailored to your interests. RFP meeting services meeting rooms hot dates catering floor plans -- Request a Proposal Fact Sheet Floor Plans Capacity Chart Book a Meeting Whether you are planning a meeting for 10 or an event for 1,000, we have the perfect mix of team support, catering and audio/visual equipment at our facility to ensure a flawless gathering. The elegant Kona Moku Ballroom and Waikiki Ballroom along with numerous other meeting rooms provide an ideal setting. Plus all our meeting facilities have been renovated with new carpeting, lighting, fixtures, ceiling and wall coverings. For perfect outdoor events, our new 4,000 square foot Pualeilani Terrace is perfect for dining functions and theme parties. Our professional staff is ready to assist you in planning the perfect meeting, convention, or theme event. Please call us at: 1-808-921-5185. home resort overview accommodations check rates reserve now packages specials meetings & events weddings spa olakino things to do resort dining resort activities news press room take a tour contact privacy policy site map 2552 Kalakaua Avenue Honolulu, Hawaii 96815-3699 RES 1.800.367.5370 PH: 1.808.922.6611 FAX: 1.808.921-5255 ©2005 Waikiki Beach Marriott Resort & Spa Developed by Symbolic

Honolulu Engineer District Celebrates

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers - Honolulu Engineering District -- NEWSROOM WHO WE ARE MISSIONS HISTORY RELATED LINKS HOW DO I... » Contact the Corps? » Find a Recreation Area? » Obtain a Permit? » Get a Lease? » Get a Job with the Corps? » Contract with the Corps? » Find a Local Corps Office? » Find Corps Publications? » Find a Corps Map? » Topics A to Z -- » Advanced Search » Site Map -- All Corps sites Corps HQ pubs Honolulu Engineer District Celebrates “100 Years of Exemplary Service” Excerpt from Congressional Record, Senator Daniel Inouye April 15, 2005 Mr. President, on April 15, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Honolulu Engineer District (HED) will celebrate 100 years of exemplary service to Hawaii, the Pacific region, the U.S. military and the Nation. For an entire century, the District has served with pride and distinction.I have personally witnessed their hard work and dedication to improve the lives of our fellow citizens in many ways. The Pacific Connection's Centennial issue, produced and distributed by the POH Public Affairs Office, celebrates 100 years of service by the Corps of Engineers in Hawaii to the Pacific Region and the nation. They have never failed to answer the call. The District has had a significant impact on the ability of our servicemen and women to fight the global war on terror, it has bolstered the region’s economy and worked to enhance the safety of communities in and about waterways and the functional ability of the many major harbors in my home State of Hawaii. In everything they do they safeguard the environment. From civil works projects navigation, flood control and shore protection to building and maintaining the infrastructure for our military personnel, the Honolulu District is proud of its service. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ missions in the Pacific region have expanded exponentially since the unit’s conception in 1905 when Lt. John R. Slattery was designated as Honolulu District Engineer on the Island of Oahu. [Read More...] WHAT'S NEW... Fall 2005 edition Pacific Connection Corps Hurricane Katrina Response Web Links Speakers Bureau IN THE NEWS Public Notice: Application for Individual Permit, Duke Kahanamoku Lagoon, Waikiki, Oahu Island Corps of Engineers Participate in Kaumalapau Harbor Project Hawaiian Worker Blessing Ceremony Corps of Engineers Awards Haleakala Mirror Coating Facility Contract Corps Geographer wins National GIS Map Design Award Honolulu District Personnel Supply Experience, Manpower to Hurricane Relief Efforts Notice of Public Informational Meeting for the Kikiaola Light Draft Harbor Navigation Improvement Project [Other News & Public Notices] [Hot Topics] Web Site Improvement Did you find what you were looking for? How can we improve? Let us know... CEPOH-PA@usace.army.mil (808) 438-9862 FEATURES Regional Sediment Management Studying the islands from mauka (mountains) to makai (ocean), the Honolulu District and its partners hope to gain a better understanding of sediment transport, and improve upon how it is managed. [Read More...] Army Corps of Engineers Offers Water Safety Tips Drowning is the Nation's second leading cause of accidental death, yet it is possible -- just by wearing a life jacket -- to reduce drowning deaths. Statistics show that 90 percent of those who drown at U.S. Army Corps of Engineers lakes may have survived if they had done so. Here are safety tips from the Corps of Engineers to help recreation seekers keep fun in water-based activities over the summer. [Read More...] DID YOU KNOW... Corps personnel prepare year-round so they are ready to respond quickly and effectively when disasters strike. The Corps maintains 43 Planning and Response Teams, stationed around the country to facilitate a rapid response to any disaster, no matter where it occurs. These teams continually conduct disaster response training simulations. Corps personnel also participate in regional training exercises with other agencies. [Read More...] Page Last Updated: January 17, 2006 Privacy and Security Notice Information Quality Act(IOA)

Hawaiian City Garden

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Hawaiian City Garden

Carpet One Hawaiian - Home & Garden Products - Kahului, HI, 96732-2432 - Citysearch BOC Spa & Beauty: Vote for your fave today -- New to Citysearch? Sign In · Help · Jan 25 2006 Home Restaurants & Bars Hotels Shopping Spa & Beauty Movies Events New! Biz Center See More Categories » Search Business name, category, and/or keyword Search by name only Address, city & state, or zip Address, city & state, or zip | Neighborhood Address, city & state, or zip | Airport Address, city & state, or zip | Attraction Select a Maui Neighborhood Select an Maui Airport Select an Maui Attraction My Locations Add/edit locations Recent Locations Clear recent locations Save to My Citysearch Printer Friendly Version Home · Yellow Pages · Home & Garden Products · Carpeting · Profile Carpet One Hawaiian 162 Alamaha St Kahului, HI 96732-2432 (808) 873-6993 8.4 Overall Popular About our ratings Ratings feedback Website Send to a Friend Own this business? » Enhance or edit your listing See something wrong? » Suggest a correction Things to do nearby: 162 Alamaha St Kahului, HI 96732-2432 · Restaurants · Hotels · Bars · Movie Theaters · Department Stores · Shopping Centers & Malls · Grocery Stores · Pharmacies · Florists · Banks Related Searches · Kahului Home & Garden Products · Search anything in Maui · Search Yellow Pages in Maui · Search other Cities · Browse Maui Editorial Lists Driving Directions 1. Enter starting address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: 2. Enter destination address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: Options Display type: Text Turn by turn maps with text Avoid the following: Limited access highways Toll Ferry lanes Find A Different Location Enter Location Address: Address: City: State: Postal Code: About Us | Advertise with Us | Contact Us | Press Center | Site Guide | List Your Business on Citysearch | Become an Affiliate | Job Opportunities | Other Cities | Get a Business Website | Submit an Event | Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | About BOC | Maui Yellow Pages Citysearch is a registered trademark of 720619 Ontario Inc. and is used under license (C) 2006 Citysearch.com All rights reserved. partner sites: Evite - Entertainment.com - Gifts.com - TripAdvisor - ServiceMagic - Ticketmaster - Expedia - Hotels.com - Hotwire - HSN - LendingTree - Match.com - RealEstate.com - ReserveAmerica - Zerodegrees - CondoSaver - ClassicVacations - Ballard Designs - Frontgate - Garnet Hill - Smith+Noble - The Territory Ahead - Travel Smith